Conditional Sentence Theory

 Conditional Sentence

Conditional Sentence Type 1

Dalam konteks tipe pertama ini, kita akan berbicara mengenai masa depan. Membicarakan pengandaian masa depan memang sering dilakukan. Sebagai contoh, anda berada di minggu pagi dengan rencana bermain sepak bola ketika sore tiba. Kendati demikian, anda melihat langit berawan dan sepertinya akan hujan. Kemudian, anda membuat pengandaian bahwa jika langit hujan, maka akan berada di rumah dan tidak bermain sepak bola. Di bawah ini, ada beberapa penjelasan mengenai kalimat pengandaian tipe 1.

Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	present simple	WILL + base verb
If	it rains	I will stay at home.
Jika	Hujan	Saya akan tinggal di rumah.

Beberapa contoh conditional sentence tipe pertama yang lebih lengkap adalah sebagai berikut.

Struktur : If + simple present tense + Subject + will + verb

Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	present simple	WILL + base verb
If	I see Harry	I will call him.
If	Tara is not sick tomorrow	I will invite her to my party.
If	I graduate this year	I will go to Singapore for holiday.
If	it rains tomorrow	will you stay in my house?
If	Henri bring me the book	I will study hard.

Struktur : Will + base verb + if + simple present tense

Hasil	Jika	Kondisi
WILL + base verb		present simple
I will call Harry.	if	I see him.
I will invite Tara to my party.	if	She is not sick tomorrow
I will go to Singapore for holiday.	if	it rains tomorrow
I will study hard.	if	Henri bring me the book

Conditional Sentence Type 2

Ini adalah sebuah kalimat pengandaian yang bercerita tentang pengandaian masa lampau dan dikaitkan dengan masa depan. Misalnya, Jika saya kemarin memperoleh uang banyak, maka saya akan membeli sepeda motor. Situasi dimana “saya akan membeli sepeda motor” akan sangat sulit terjadi bukan? Karena saya tidak mendapatkan uang banyak. 

Kendati demikian, pembelian sepeda motor masih mungkin saya lakukan apabila saya mendapatkan uang banyak esok hari. Jadi, pengandaian ini masih mungkin untuk terjadi dan belum sepenuhnya gagal. Kalimat ini menggunakan simple past tense dan berikut contohnya. 

Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
If	past simple	WOULD + base verb
	I got a lot of money	I would buy a motocycle.

Beberapa contoh lainnya adalah sebagai berikut. 

Struktur : If + simple past tense + Subject + would + verb

Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	past simple	WOULD + base verb
If	I married Tika	I would live happily.
If	Rai became a politician	He would be president.
If	my friend came here	would you be surprised?
If	Riana told my father	what would we do?

Struktur : Would + base verb + if + past tense 

result	IF	condition
WOULD + base verb		past simple
I would live happily.	if	I married Tika
He would be president.	if	Rai became a politician
would you be surprised?	if	my friend came here
what would we do?	if	Riana told my father

Conditional Sentence Type 3

Kalimat pengandaian yang ketiga akan membahas mengenai sebuah hal yang sudah tidak mungkin terjadi lagi. Salah satu bentuk kalimat yang mengindikasikan kalimat pengandaian tipe ketiga adalah, “Jika dia mendapatkan pekerjaan tersebut bulan lalu, Ia sudah menjadi manager di hari ini.”

Artinya, sudah tidak ada kesempatan lagi ia menjadi manager di hari ini bukan? Contoh-contoh berikut ini, tentu lebih bisa menjelaskannya kepada Anda.

Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	Past Perfect	WOULD HAVE + Past Participle
If	My uncle had got the job	He would have been a manager.

Struktur : If + past perfect + Subject + would have + past participle

Jika	Kondisi	Hasil
	past perfect	WOULD have + past participle
If	I had married Tika	I would have lived happily.
If	Rai had become a politician	He would have been a president.
If	my friend had come here	he would have given us a delicious pizza
If	Riana had told my father	we would have a big problem

Struktur : Would have + past participle + If + past perfect

Hasil	Jika	Kondisi
WOULD have + past participle		past perfect
I would have lived happily.	If	I had married Tika
Rai would have been a president.	If	He had become a politician
My friend would have given us a delicious pizza	If	he had come here
we would have a big problem	If	Riana had told my father

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